VidhiSangh

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023

Section 96: Exclusion of evidence to explain or amend ambiguous document

Chapter VI — Of the Exclusion of Oral Evidence by Documentary Evidence

96. When the language used in a document is, on its face, ambiguous or defective, evidence may not be given of facts which would show its meaning or supply its defects.

Illustrations.

(a) A agrees, in writing, to sell a horse to B for "one lakh rupees or one lakh fifty thousand rupees". Evidence cannot be given to show which price was to be given.

(b) A deed contains blanks. Evidence cannot be given of facts which would show how they were meant to be filled.

Source: official text of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (Ministry of Home Affairs).