Old law to new law

Evidence Act to BSA converter

Find the BSA section for any Indian Evidence Act, 1872 section: all 184 sections, from the official BPRD correspondence table.

Search by section number or subject

Evidence Act	BSA	Subject
1	BSA 1	Short title, application and commencement
3	BSA 2, BSA 2(1)(a), BSA 2(1)(c), BSA 2(1)(d), BSA 2(1)(e), BSA 2(1)(f), BSA 2(1)(g), BSA 2(1)(i), BSA 2(1)(j), BSA 2(1)(k)	Definitions
4	BSA 2(1)(b), BSA 2(1)(h), BSA 2(1)(l)	"conclusive proof"
5	BSA 3	Evidence maybe given of facts in issue and relevant facts
6	BSA 4	Relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction
7	BSA 5	Facts which are occasion, cause or effect of facts in issue or relevant facts
8	BSA 6	Motive, preparation and previous or subsequent conduct
9	BSA 7	Facts necessary to explain or introduce fact in issue or relevant facts
10	BSA 8	Things said or done by conspirator in reference to common design
11	BSA 9	When facts not otherwise relevant become relevant
12	BSA 10	Facts tending to enable Court to determine amount are relevant in suits for damages
13	BSA 11	Facts relevant when right or custom is in question
14	BSA 12	Facts showing existence of state of mind, or of body or bodily feeling
15	BSA 13	Facts bearing on question whether act was accidental or intentional
16	BSA 14	Existence of course of business when relevant
17	BSA 15	Admission defined
18	BSA 16	Admission by party to proceeding or his agent
19	BSA 17	Admissions by persons whose position must be proved as against party to suit
20	BSA 18	Admissions by persons expressly referred to by party to suit
21	BSA 19	Proof of admissions against persons making them, and by or on their behalf
22	BSA 20	When oral admissions as to contents of documents are relevant
22A	—	When oral admission as to contents of electronic records are relevant
23	BSA 21	Admissions in civil cases when relevant
24	BSA 22(1)	Confession caused by inducement, threat, coercion or promise, when irrelevant in criminal proceeding
25	BSA 23(1)	Confession to police officer
26	BSA 23(2)	Confession by accused while in custody of police not to be proved against him
27	BSA 23, proviso	How much of information received from accused may be proved
28	BSA 22, first proviso	Confession made after removal of impression caused by inducement, threat or promise, relevant
29	BSA 22, second proviso	Confession otherwise relevant not to become irrelevant because of promise of secrecy, etc
30	BSA 24	Consideration of proved confession affecting person making it and others jointly under trial for same offence
31	BSA 25	Admissions not conclusive proof, but may estop
32	BSA 26	Cases in which statement of relevant fact by person who is dead or cannot be found, etc., is relevant
33	BSA 27	Relevancy of certain evidence for proving, in subsequent proceeding, truth of facts therein stated
34	BSA 28	Entries in books of account when relevant
35	BSA 29	Relevancy of entry in public record or an electronic record made in performance of duty
36	BSA 30	Relevancy of statements in maps, charts and plans
37	BSA 31	Relevancy of statement as to fact of public nature contained in certain Acts or notifications
38	BSA 32	Relevancy of statements as to any law contained in law books including electronic or digital form
39	BSA 33	What evidence to be given when statement forms part of a conversation, document, electronic record, book or series of letters or papers
40	BSA 34	Previous judgments relevant to bar a second suit or trial
41	BSA 35	Relevancy of certain judgments in probate, etc., jurisdiction
42	BSA 36	Relevancy and effect of judgments, orders or decrees, other than those mentioned in section35[41 IEA]
43	BSA 37	Judgments, etc., other than those mentioned in sections 34, 35 and 36 [40to 42 IEA] when relevant
44	BSA 38	Fraud or collusion in obtaining judgment, or incompetency of Court, may be proved
45	BSA 39(1)	Opinions of experts
45A	BSA 39(2)	Opinion of Examiner of Electronic Evidence
46	BSA 40	Facts bearing upon opinions of experts
47	BSA 41(1)	Opinion as to handwriting and signature, when relevant
47A	BSA 41(2)	Opinion as to electronic signature, when relevant
48	BSA 42	Opinion as to existence of general custom or right, when relevant
49	BSA 43	Opinion as to usages, tenets, etc., when relevant
50	BSA 44	Opinion on relationship, when relevant
51	BSA 45	Grounds of opinion, when relevant
52	BSA 46	In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant
53	BSA 47	In criminal cases previous good character relevant
53A	BSA 48	Evidence of character or previous sexual experience not relevant in certain cases
54	BSA 49	Previous bad character not relevant, except in reply
55	BSA 50	Character as affecting damages
56	BSA 51	Fact judicially noticeable need not be proved
57	BSA 52	Facts of which Court shall take judicial notice
58	BSA 53	Facts admitted need not be proved
59	BSA 54	Proof of facts by oral evidence
60	BSA 55	Oral evidence to be direct
61	BSA 56	Proof of contents of documents
62	BSA 57	Primary evidence
63	BSA 58	Secondary evidence
64	BSA 59	Proof of documents by primary evidence
65	BSA 60	Cases in which secondary evidence relating to documents may be given
65A	BSA 62	Special provisions as to evidence relating to electronic record
65B	BSA 63	Admissibility of electronic records
66	BSA 64	Rules as to notice to produce
67	BSA 65	Proof of signature and handwriting of person alleged to have signed or written document produced
67A	BSA 66	Proof as to electronic signature
68	BSA 67	Proof of execution of document required by law to be attested
69	BSA 68	Proof where no attesting witness found
70	BSA 69	Admission of execution by party to attested document
71	BSA 70	Proof when attesting witness denies execution
72	BSA 71	Proof of document not required by law to be attested
73	BSA 72	Comparison of signature, writing or seal with others admitted or proved
73A	BSA 73	Proof as to verification of digital signature
74	BSA 74(1)	Public and private documents
75	BSA 74(2)	Public and private documents
76	BSA 75	Certified copies of public documents
77	BSA 76	Proof of documents by production of certified copies
78	BSA 77	Proof of other official documents
79	BSA 78	Presumption as to genuineness of certified copies
80	BSA 79	Presumption as to documents produced as record of evidence, etc
81	BSA 80	Presumption as to Gazettes, newspapers, [private Acts of parliament] and other documents
81A	BSA 81	Presumption as to Gazettes in electronic or digital record
82	—	Presumption as to document admissible in England without proof of seal or signature
83	BSA 82	Presumption as to maps or plans made by authority of Government
84	BSA 83	Presumption as to collections of laws and reports of decisions
85	BSA 84	Presumption as to powers-of- attorney
85A	BSA 85	Presumption as to electronic agreements
85B	BSA 86	Presumption as to electronic records and electronic signatures
85C	BSA 87	Presumption as to Electronic Signature Certificates
86	BSA 88	Presumption as to certified copies of foreign judicial records
87	BSA 89	Presumption as to books, maps and charts
88	—	Presumption as to telegraphic messages
88A	BSA 90	Presumption as to electronic messages
89	BSA 91	Presumption as to due execution, etc., of documents not produced
90	BSA 92	Presumption as to documents thirty years old
90A	BSA 93	Presumption as to electronic records five years old
91	BSA 94	Evidence of terms of contracts, grants and other dispositions of property reduced to form of document
92	BSA 95	Exclusion of evidence of oral agreement
93	BSA 96	Exclusion of evidence to explain or amend ambiguous document
94	BSA 97	Exclusion of evidence against application of document to existing facts
95	BSA 98	Evidence as to document unmeaning in reference to existing facts
96	BSA 99	Evidence as to application of language which can apply to one only of several persons
97	BSA 100	Evidence as to application of language to one of two sets of facts, to neither of which the whole correctly applies
98	BSA 101	Evidence as to meaning of illegible characters, etc
99	BSA 102	Who may give evidence of agreement varying terms of document
100	BSA 103	Saving of provisions of Indian Succession Act relating to wills
101	BSA 104	Burden of proof
102	BSA 105	On whom burden of proof lies
103	BSA 106	Burden of proof as to particular fact
104	BSA 107	Burden of proving fact to be proved to make evidence admissible
105	BSA 108	Burden of proving that case of accused comes within exceptions
106	BSA 109	Burden of proving fact especially within knowledge
107	BSA 110	Burden of proving death of person known to have been alive within thirty years
108	BSA 111	Burden of proving that person is alive who has not been heard of for seven years
109	BSA 112	Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of partners, landlord and tenant, principal and agent
110	BSA 113	Burden of proof as to ownership
111	BSA 114	Proof of good faith in transactions where one party is in relation of active confidence
111A	BSA 115	Presumption as to certain offences
112	BSA 116	Birth during marriage, conclusive proof of legitimacy
113	—	Proof of cession of territory
113A	BSA 117	Presumption as to abetment of suicide by a married woman
113B	BSA 118	Presumption as to dowry death
114	BSA 119	Court may presume existence of certain facts
114A	BSA 120	Presumption as to absence of consent in certain prosecution for rape
115	BSA 121	Estoppel
116	BSA 122	Estoppel of tenant and of licensee of person in possession
117	BSA 123	Estoppel of acceptor of bill of exchange, bailee or licensee
118	BSA 124	Who may testify
119	BSA 125	Witness unable to communicate verbally
120	BSA 126	Competency of husband and wife as witnesses in certain cases
121	BSA 127	Judges and Magistrates
122	BSA 128	Communications during marriage
123	BSA 129	Evidence as to affairs of State
124	BSA 130	Official communications
125	BSA 131	Information as to commission of offences
126	BSA 132(1)&(2)	Professional communications
127	BSA 132(3)	Professional communications to apply interpreters, etc"
128	BSA 133	Privilege not waived by volunteering evidence
129	BSA 134	Confidential communication with legal advisers
130	BSA 135	Production of title-deeds of witness not a party
131	BSA 136	Production of documents or electronic records which another person, having possession, could refuse to produce
132	BSA 137	Witness not excused from answering on ground that answer will criminate
133	BSA 138	Accomplice
134	BSA 139	Number of witnesses
135	BSA 140	Order of production and examination of witnesses
136	BSA 141	Judge to decide as to admissibility of evidence
137	BSA 142	Examination of witnesses
138	BSA 143	Order of examinations
139	BSA 144	Cross- examination of person called to produce a document
140	BSA 145	Witnesses to character
141	BSA 146(1)	Leading questions
142	BSA 146(2)&(3)	When they (leading) must not be asked
143	BSA 146(4)	When they (leading) may be asked
144	BSA 147	Evidence as to matters in writing
145	BSA 148	Cross- examination as to previous statements in writing
146	BSA 149	Questions lawful in cross- examination
147	BSA 150	When witness to be compelled to answer
148	BSA 151	Court to decide when question shall be asked and when witness compelled to answer
149	BSA 152	Question not to be asked without reasonable grounds
150	BSA 153	Procedure of Court in case of question being asked without reasonable grounds
151	BSA 154	Indecent and scandalous questions
152	BSA 155	Questions intended to insult or annoy
153	BSA 156	Exclusion of evidence to contradict answers to questions testing veracity
154	BSA 157	Question by party to his own witness
155	BSA 158	Impeaching credit of witness
156	BSA 159	Questions tending to corroborate evidence of relevant fact, admissible
157	BSA 160	Former statements of witness may be proved to corroborate later testimony as to same fact
158	BSA 161	What matters may be proved in connection with proved statement relevant under section 26 or 27. [ section 32 or 33]
159	BSA 162	Refreshing memory
160	BSA 163	Testimony to facts stated in document mentioned in section 162[159]
161	BSA 164	Right of adverse party as to writing used to refresh memory
162	BSA 165	Production of documents
163	BSA 166	Giving, as evidence, of document called for and produced on notice
164	BSA 167	Using, as evidence, of document production of which was refused on notice
165	BSA 168	Judge's power to put questions or order production
166	—	Power of jury or assessors to put questions
167	BSA 169	No new trial for improper admission or rejection of evidence

Correspondence from the BPRD correspondence tables (Ministry of Home Affairs). It shows where a provision went; wording, punishment and procedure may have changed, so read both sections.