VidhiSangh

Indian Evidence Act, 1872

Section 93: Exclusion of evidence to explain or amend ambiguous document

Repealed. Repealed from 1 July 2024. Use it for proceedings preserved by BSA section 170, including specified matters that were pending immediately before commencement.

Part II — On Proof

93. When the language used in a document is, on its face, ambiguous or defective, evidence may not be given of facts which would show its meaning or supply its defects.

Illustrations

(a) A agrees, in writing, to sell a horse to B for ―Rs.1,000 or Rs. 1,500‖. Evidence cannot be given to show which price was to be given.

(b) A deed contains blanks. Evidence cannot be given of facts which would show how they were meant to be filled.

Source: official text of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872.